Effexor XR: Advanced Relief for Depression and Anxiety Disorders
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| Product dosage: 75mg | |||
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Synonyms
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Effexor XR (venlafaxine hydrochloride) is an extended-release antidepressant belonging to the serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) class, designed to restore chemical balance in the brain. It is FDA-approved for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder, and panic disorder. Its unique dual mechanism offers a comprehensive approach to managing symptoms where selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) may be insufficient. This medication is formulated for once-daily dosing, promoting adherence and steady-state plasma concentrations for consistent therapeutic effect.
Features
- Active ingredient: Venlafaxine hydrochloride
- Available in extended-release capsules: 37.5 mg, 75 mg, 150 mg
- SNRI class—inhibits reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine
- Once-daily oral administration
- Bioavailability: Approximately 92–100%
- Half-life: Approximately 5±2 hours (venlafaxine), 11±2 hours (active metabolite O-desmethylvenlafaxine)
- Time to peak plasma concentration: 5.5 hours
- Manufactured under strict pharmaceutical quality standards
Benefits
- Provides dual-action therapy targeting both serotonin and norepinephrine pathways
- Reduces core symptoms of depression, including low mood, anhedonia, and fatigue
- Alleviates excessive worry and physical symptoms of anxiety disorders
- Improves overall social and occupational functioning
- Extended-release formulation minimizes peak-trough fluctuations, reducing side effect potential
- Supported by extensive clinical trials demonstrating efficacy and tolerability
Common use
Effexor XR is primarily indicated for the management of major depressive disorder, characterized by persistent sadness, loss of interest, changes in appetite or sleep, and diminished energy. It is also prescribed for generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, and panic disorder. Off-label uses may include management of neuropathic pain, migraine prophylaxis, and vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause, though these are not FDA-approved indications.
Dosage and direction
Initiate treatment at 37.5 mg or 75 mg orally once daily, with food, to minimize gastrointestinal upset. Dosage may be increased in increments of up to 75 mg per day at intervals of no less than 4 days, as tolerated. The maximum recommended dose is 225 mg per day for depression, and up to 225 mg for anxiety disorders based on clinical response. Capsules should be swallowed whole; do not crush, chew, or dissolve. Dosage adjustments are necessary in patients with hepatic or renal impairment. Abrupt discontinuation should be avoided; taper gradually under medical supervision.
Precautions
Monitor for worsening depression, suicidality, or unusual changes in behavior, particularly during initiation and dosage adjustments. Use with caution in patients with a history of mania, seizures, or angle-closure glaucoma. Regular monitoring of blood pressure is recommended due to potential dose-related increases. Assess renal and hepatic function periodically. Caution advised in elderly patients due to potential for hyponatremia or falls. Not recommended during pregnancy unless potential benefits justify potential risks to the fetus.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to venlafaxine or any component of the formulation. Concomitant use with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or within 14 days of discontinuing MAOI therapy due to risk of serotonin syndrome. Avoid use in patients with uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma.
Possible side effect
Common side effects (>10%): nausea, headache, somnolence, dry mouth, dizziness, insomnia, sweating.
Less common (1–10%): nervousness, anxiety, blurred vision, constipation, anorexia, vomiting, weight loss, tremor, abnormal dreams, yawning.
Serious but rare (<1%): hypertension, serotonin syndrome, abnormal bleeding, hyponatremia, angle-closure glaucoma, seizures, manic episodes, suicidal ideation. Sexual dysfunction including decreased libido, anorgasmia, or erectile dysfunction may occur.
Drug interaction
- MAOIs: Risk of serotonin syndrome; contraindicated.
- SSRIs, SNRIs, triptans, tramadol, linezolid: Increased serotonergic effects.
- NSAIDs, aspirin, warfarin: Potential increased bleeding risk.
- Drugs metabolized by CYP2D6 (e.g., tricyclic antidepressants, antipsychotics): Venlafaxine may inhibit metabolism.
- Drugs that affect serotonin or norepinephrine: Additive effects possible.
Missed dose
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as remembered unless it is close to the time for the next dose. Do not double the dose to catch up. Maintaining a consistent daily schedule is important to sustain steady plasma levels.
Overdose
Symptoms may include dizziness, sedation, tachycardia, changes in blood pressure, seizures, or serotonin syndrome. Specific symptoms of venlafaxine overdose can also include prolonged QTc interval and coma. Provide supportive care; consider activated charcoal if ingestion was recent. There is no specific antidote; manage symptoms and monitor cardiac and vital signs closely. Contact a poison control center immediately.
Storage
Store at room temperature (20–25°C or 68–77°F), in a tightly closed container, away from light, moisture, and heat. Keep out of reach of children and pets. Do not use after the expiration date printed on the packaging.
Disclaimer
This information is for educational purposes and does not replace professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider before starting, changing, or discontinuing any medication. Individual response to Effexor XR may vary. Not all uses or risks are covered here.
Reviews
Clinical studies and patient reports generally indicate Effexor XR is effective in reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety, with many users noting improved mood and functionality within 4–8 weeks. Some users report side effects such as initial nausea or sleep disturbances, which often subside with continued use. Long-term adherence is favorable due to once-daily dosing, though discontinuation must be managed carefully to avoid withdrawal symptoms. Always discuss personal experiences and treatment plans with a prescribing physician.