Nurofen is a well-established over-the-counter (OTC) analgesic and anti-inflammatory medication, with its active ingredient ibuprofen belonging to the class of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). It is clinically proven to provide effective relief from a variety of mild to moderate pain conditions, as well as to reduce fever. This product card provides a comprehensive, expert-level overview of Nurofen, detailing its pharmacological profile, appropriate usage, and essential safety information to ensure informed and responsible self-medication.

Features

• Active Ingredient: Ibuprofen (typically 200mg per tablet in standard OTC formulations)
• Drug Class: Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID)
• Mechanism of Action: Reversible inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, specifically COX-1 and COX-2, thereby reducing the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are mediators of pain, inflammation, and fever.
• Formulations Available: Tablets, caplets, liquid capsules, suspension/oral liquid for children, and topical gels.
• Onset of Action: Oral formulations typically begin to provide analgesic effects within 30 minutes.
• Duration of Effect: Provides relief for up to 8 hours per dose.

Benefits

• Provides potent and targeted relief from headaches, including tension-type headaches and migraines.
• Effectively reduces musculoskeletal pain, such as that associated with backache, sprains, and strains.
• Alleviates dysmenorrhea (period pain) by reducing uterine prostaglandin levels.
• Redives inflammation and associated pain in conditions like osteoarthritis.
• Acts as an antipyretic to lower elevated body temperature during febrile illnesses.
• Offers a flexible dosing regimen for managing persistent pain throughout the day.

Common use

Nurofen is commonly used for the short-term symptomatic relief of mild to moderate pain and inflammation. Its primary indications include headache, dental pain, musculoskeletal pain (e.g., back pain, arthritis), dysmenorrhea, and post-operative pain. It is also indicated for the reduction of fever. It is not intended for chronic use without medical supervision and should be used at the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration necessary to control symptoms.

Dosage and direction

For adults and children over 12 years of age: The usual dose is 1-2 tablets (200-400mg ibuprofen) every 4-6 hours as needed for pain or fever. Do not exceed 6 tablets (1200mg) in any 24-hour period. For children, specific formulations and dosing based on weight (typically 5-10mg/kg per dose) must be used; always consult the package leaflet or a healthcare professional. Take with food or milk to minimize potential gastric upset. Swallow the tablet whole with a full glass of water; do not crush, chew, or break.

Precautions

• Use caution in patients with a history of gastrointestinal disorders (e.g., ulcers, bleeding).
• Patients with cardiovascular disease (e.g., hypertension, heart failure) or risk factors should consult a doctor before use.
• Can impair renal function; use with caution in those with pre-existing kidney disease, dehydration, or in elderly patients.
• May cause dizziness; use caution when operating machinery or driving.
• Not recommended during the third trimester of pregnancy or while breastfeeding without medical advice.
• Long-term use requires monitoring of renal and hepatic function, as well as hemoglobin levels.

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity (e.g., asthma, urticaria, allergic-type reactions) to ibuprofen, aspirin, or other NSAIDs.
• History of prostaglandin-sensitive asthma.
• Active peptic ulcer disease or a history of recurrent ulceration/bleeding.
• Severe hepatic impairment or active liver disease.
• Severe renal impairment or deteriorating renal disease.
• Third trimester of pregnancy.
• Concurrent use of other NSAIDs, including COX-2 selective inhibitors.

Possible side effect

Common side effects (>1/100) include gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, and heartburn. Uncommon side effects (≥1/1000 to <1/100) may include dizziness, headache, and skin rash. Rare but serious side effects (<1/1000) include gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation, severe skin reactions (e.g., Stevens-Johnson syndrome), hepatotoxicity, acute renal failure, bronchospasm in aspirin-sensitive asthmatics, and an increased risk of thrombotic events (e.g., myocardial infarction, stroke). Discontinue use and seek immediate medical attention if signs of an allergic reaction (swelling, difficulty breathing) or severe skin reaction occur.

Drug interaction

• Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin): Increased risk of bleeding.
• Other NSAIDs or high-dose aspirin: Increased risk of GI toxicity.
• ACE inhibitors/ARBs and diuretics: Reduced antihypertensive efficacy and potential worsening of renal function.
• Corticosteroids (e.g., prednisolone): Increased risk of GI ulceration.
• Methotrexate: May decrease methotrexate clearance, increasing toxicity risk.
• SSRIs (e.g., citalopram): Increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.
• Always inform your doctor or pharmacist of all medications you are taking, including herbal supplements.

Missed dose

As Nurofen is taken on an “as-needed” basis for pain or fever relief, a missed dose is not a concern. Do not double the next dose to make up for a missed one. Simply take the next dose when needed, ensuring you wait at least 4 hours since the last dose.

Overdose

Symptoms of overdose may include nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, headache, drowsiness, blurred vision, nystagmus, and tinnitus. In severe cases, metabolic acidosis, hypotension, acute renal failure, respiratory depression, and coma may occur. In case of suspected overdose, seek immediate medical attention or contact a Poison Control Center. Do not induce vomiting. Treatment is supportive and may include gastric lavage, activated charcoal, and correction of electrolyte imbalances.

Storage

Store in the original container below 25°C (77°F), in a dry place, and protected from light. Keep out of reach and sight of children. Do not use after the expiration date printed on the packaging.

Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or before starting any new treatment. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read here. Use only as directed on the label or as prescribed by your doctor.

Reviews

“As a physiotherapist, I often recommend Nurofen to patients with acute inflammatory musculoskeletal injuries. Its anti-inflammatory properties provide superior relief compared to paracetamol alone for these conditions. The key is short-term, responsible use alongside appropriate physical therapy.” — Dr. Eleanor R., MSK Specialist

“I’ve relied on Nurofen for menstrual cramps for years. It’s the only OTC medication that effectively targets the prostaglandin-mediated pain. I appreciate the clear dosing instructions that allow for effective management without exceeding daily limits.” — Sarah T.

“I keep Nurofen in my medicine cabinet for its dual action on fever and pain. When my children have a high fever, the liquid suspension is effective and easy to administer. It’s a trusted brand with consistent efficacy.” — Mark D.

“After my dental procedure, my surgeon recommended ibuprofen. Nurofen provided excellent pain control and significantly reduced the post-operative swelling. I experienced no side effects when taken with food as directed.” — James L.