Ciloxan (ciprofloxacin hydrochloride ophthalmic solution) 0.3% is a sterile, antimicrobial prescription medication formulated for the treatment of ocular infections caused by susceptible strains of bacteria. As a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, it offers broad-spectrum coverage against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Its solution form ensures rapid penetration and high bioavailability at the site of infection, making it a first-line choice for ophthalmologists and optometrists managing external bacterial eye conditions.

Features

• Contains 0.3% ciprofloxacin hydrochloride as the active pharmaceutical ingredient
• Preservative-free formulation in single-use containers; also available in multi-dose bottles with benzalkonium chloride preservative
• Sterile, isotonic, buffered solution with pH approximately 4.5-5.0
• Compatible with ocular tissue and tear film
• Available in 2.5mL, 5mL, and 10mL dropper bottles
• Storage at controlled room temperature 15°-30°C (59°-86°F)

Benefits

• Rapid bactericidal action through inhibition of bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV
• High corneal penetration achieving therapeutic concentrations in anterior chamber
• Broad-spectrum coverage against common ocular pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species
• Convenient dosing regimen with demonstrated clinical efficacy
• Low incidence of systemic absorption when used appropriately
• Reduced risk of contamination with single-use dispensers

Common use

Ciloxan ophthalmic solution is indicated for the treatment of corneal ulcers and bacterial conjunctivitis caused by susceptible strains of bacteria. It is particularly effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a common cause of contact lens-associated keratitis. Ophthalmologists may also employ it prophylactically following corneal abrasions or ocular surgery when there is risk of bacterial contamination. The medication demonstrates excellent activity against most gram-negative organisms and many gram-positive pathogens commonly isolated from ocular infections.

Dosage and direction

For bacterial conjunctivitis: Instill 1-2 drops into the affected eye(s) every 2 hours while awake for the first 2 days, then 1-2 drops every 4 hours while awake for the next 5 days.

For corneal ulcers: Instill 2 drops into the affected eye every 15 minutes for the first 6 hours, then 2 drops every 30 minutes for the remainder of the first day. On day 2, instill 2 drops hourly while awake. On days 3 through 14, instill 2 drops every 4 hours while awake.

Wash hands before use. Avoid touching dropper tip to any surface to prevent contamination. Tilt head back, pull down lower eyelid to create a pouch, and instill drops. Close eyes gently for 1-2 minutes after administration. Apply gentle pressure to the lacrimal sac for 1 minute to minimize systemic absorption.

Precautions

Use under proper medical supervision only. Not for injection or oral use. Contact lenses should not be worn during treatment for bacterial conjunctivitis or corneal ulcers. May cause temporary blurred vision after instillation—do not drive or operate machinery until vision clears. Discontinue use and consult physician if rash or allergic reaction occurs. Use with caution in patients with history of hypersensitivity to other quinolones. Bacterial resistance may develop with prolonged use. Not recommended for use in pediatric patients under 1 year of age.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin, other quinolone antibiotics, or any component of the formulation. History of tendon disorders associated with quinolone use. Concurrent administration with tizanidine. Not for use in viral or fungal keratitis. Avoid in patients with known photosensitivity reactions to fluoroquinolones.

Possible side effect

Common: Transient ocular burning, discomfort, or stinging upon instillation; conjunctival hyperemia; foreign body sensation; itching; photophobia; blurred vision; unpleasant taste following nasolacrimal drainage.

Less common: Corneal deposits/incrustations, eyelid edema, tearing, dryness, ocular pain, nausea, decreased vision, allergic reactions.

Rare: Superinfection including fungal infections, corneal staining, crystalline deposits, dizziness, headache, corneal perforation (in cases of pre-existing corneal thinning).

Drug interaction

Limited systemic absorption minimizes significant drug interactions. However, theoretical interactions exist based on systemic quinolone pharmacology. May enhance effects of warfarin—monitor prothrombin time. Concurrent use with theophylline may increase theophylline levels. Metal cations (iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium) in oral preparations may reduce absorption if administered simultaneously. Tizanidine contraindicated due to potential for severe hypotension.

Missed dose

Apply the missed dose as soon as possible. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with the regular dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to make up for a missed one. Maintain as consistent a dosing schedule as possible throughout treatment duration.

Overdose

Ocular overdose is unlikely to cause systemic effects due to minimal absorption. Excessive application may be rinsed from eye(s) with warm water. If accidentally ingested, symptomatic and supportive care is recommended. Hemodialysis removes approximately 10-15% of systemically absorbed ciprofloxacin. For ocular discomfort from excessive instillation, artificial tears may provide symptomatic relief.

Storage

Store at controlled room temperature 15°-30°C (59°-86°F). Protect from light. Do not freeze. Keep container tightly closed when not in use. Discard any unused solution 28 days after opening multi-dose bottles. Single-use containers should be discarded immediately after use. Keep out of reach of children and pets.

Disclaimer

This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions. Proper diagnosis of the infectious organism should be confirmed through culture and sensitivity testing when possible. Use only as directed by a prescribing physician. Full prescribing information available upon request.

Reviews

Clinical studies demonstrate Ciloxan’s efficacy with 85-92% clinical improvement rates in bacterial conjunctivitis trials and 72-86% microbiological eradication rates in corneal ulcer studies. Ophthalmologists report satisfactory results in managing Pseudomonas keratitis, with particular appreciation for its broad spectrum and rapid action. Some clinicians note occasional patient reports of transient stinging upon application. The convenience of the dosing regimen and availability of preservative-free single-use containers receive positive feedback from both practitioners and patients.